Born in 1962, Prague. He graduated in law at the Charles University, Prague, and in European law at the University of Social Sciences, Toulouse. He comes from an academic background; as a Professor of European law at the Law Faculty of Charles University in Prague, he has been following developments in EU law for the past 20 years. His former experience includes Attorney of Law, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs, Ambassador of the Czech Republic to the Council of Europe, and Minister and Chairman of the Legislative Council of the Czech Republic. He also served as a visiting Professor at the University of Social Sciences in Toulouse. His main policy domains in which he worked from the EU legal perspective are: free movement of goods, international trade, economic competition, intellectual property, electronic commerce, and EU-international relations. MEP since 2014.